Bharatha is born to Queen Kaikeyi and the twins Lakshmana, and Shatrughna are born to Queen Sumitra. As a result, Queen Kausalya gives birth to the oldest son, Rama. However, there wasn't enough payasam for Sumitra, so Kausalya and Kaikeyi give portions of their dessert to her. When King Dasaratha of Ayodhya performs a Putrakameshti Yajna, the sacrifice for progeny, a divine being, purusha, emerges from the holy fire and offers a pot of payasam milk sweet and instructs Dasaratha to distribute the dessert to his three wives, the Queens Kausalya, Sumitra and Kaikeyi, in accordance with the status of each. It has been said that Brahma promised Valmiki, so long as the mountains and seas endure, so long shall the Ramayana be read by men.īook I: Bala Kanda or The Book of the Youth Ultimately, Rama slays the rakshasa king Ravana and reestablishes the rule of religious and moral law on earth known in Hinduism as dharma. The main purpose of his incarnation is to demonstrate the ideal human life on earth. There are some who believe that it is even older.Īccording to Hindu mythology, Rama is an avatara, an incarnation of Vishnu or God. Many interpret this as 3000 BC (based on astronomical data in the Ramayana). The reference to the Greeks, Parthians, and Sakas show that these Books cannot be earlier than the second century B.C." In Books I and VII, however Rama is made an avatara or incarnation of Vishnu, and the epic poem is transformed into a Vaishnava text. The bulk, consisting of Books II-VI, represents Rama as an ideal hero. "The first and the last Books of the Ramayana are later additions. IV, "The Religions", The Ramakrishna Mission, Institute of Culture, says: The Ramayana contains seven kandas (chapters or books). The characters of Rama, Sita, Lakshmana, Bharata, Hanuman and Ravana (the enemy of the story) are all fundamental to the grander cultural consciousness of India. It contains the teachings of the ancient Hindu sages and presents them through allegory in narrative and the interspersion of philosophic and devotional discourse. But, like its epic cousin, the Mahabharata, the Ramayana is not just a grand epic. The Ramayana had an important influence on later Sanskrit poetry, primarily through its establishment of the Sloka meter. This epic of 24,000 verses tells of a Raghuvamsa prince, Rama of Ayodhya, whose wife Sita is abducted by the rakshasa, or demon, Ravana. The Ramayana ( Sanskrit: march (ayana) of Rama) is part of the Hindu smriti, written by Valmiki (c. Lord Ram, Laxman, Sita and Hanuman(crouching)
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